Scientific Notation Notes

       Definitions:

A UNIT is a standard with which we measure a particular quantity.

 

A UNIT FRACTION is a fraction with both of the following:

1)            It has units on the top AND the bottom;

2)            It has a value equal to 1.

 

SCIENTIFIC NOTATION is a short way scientists write large or small numbers.

 

General form of scientific notation:

                             times

NUMBER* X 10 INTEGER

*with 1 non-zero digit in front of the decimal point.

 

Copy these and state whether in SCI. NOT. or not:

 

2.5X103; 31.2X105; 4X10-4; 9.2X102.5; 4X108.

 

POWERS (or EXPONENTS) are numbers written slightly above and to the right of a number called the BASE.

 

It means to MULTIPLY the BASE BY ITSELF the EXPONENT number of times.

 

Xn = X*X*X…X

                n times

Examples (try these):

 

23=

 

32=

 

43=

 

102=

 

103=

 

104=

NEGATIVE EXPONENTS mean the reciprocal of the number to the positive exponent.

 

X-n = 1/Xn

 

Examples (try these):

 

2-3=

 

3-2=

 

4-3=

 

10-1=

 

10-2=

 

10-3=

 

 

 

ZERO EXPONENT:

 

       Any number to the 0 power equals 1.

 

X0 = 1

 

 

Examples (change to SCI. NOT.)

 

6,350,000=

 

.000456=

 

500,000=

 

Examples (change to ordinary numb.)

 

7.38X107=

 

4X10-5=

      

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